Urinary retention is the inability to empty the bladder and can be classified as acute or chronic. Acute retention causes significant discomfort and is more easily identified. Chronic retention may result in recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), pyelonephritis, changes in bladder anatomy, and even deterioration of renal function. Incomplete bladder emptying is even more neglected for urinary retention because it is more difficult to identify since it does not result in palpable bladder distension, requiring theoretical and clinical knowledge regarding lower urinary tract disorders. It is usually identified by a weak or intermittent urinary stream, hesitation to initiate urination or the need for effort to initiate or maintain the urinary stream. Although less diagnosed it involves the same risks as complete urinary retention [1].
Stomal Therapy is a nursing speciality that contemplates incontinence as one of its subareas. Thus, it is expected that professionals with this speciality have greater knowledge on related themes, such as Urinary Retention and Incomplete Bladder Emptying. Thus, the research question arises: Is there a difference in the level of knowledge between stomal therapist nurses and generalist nurses or nurses from other specialities regarding the theme? The objective was then to compare the level of knowledge regarding Chronic Urinary Retention and Incomplete Bladder Emptying between Stomal Therapist Nurses and Generalist Nurses or from other specialities.The hypothesis of the study is that stoma therapist nurses have greater knowledge about chronic urinary retention and incomplete bladder emptying than general nurses.

Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The study population was 31,749 nurses. The sample was composed in a non-probabilistic way, by convenience. The nurses were invited to participate in the research through messaging apps with nurses, individually and in groups and social media of the authors, who besides sending to all professionals of their contacts and asked them to support the sharing.
The inclusion criteria for the research were to be a nurse with active registration in the class council. Those who did not return the completed instruments were excluded from the study. Data collection occurred between June 7 and 21, 2022, totalling a final sample of 169 nurses.
For data collection, a form was developed via Google Forms®. It contained 15 questions that totalled 87 items with true and false information organized into knowledge block socks in relation to urinary retention and incomplete bladder emptying: concepts (block 01 - 0 to 08 points), risks (block 02 - 0 to 16 points), consequences (block 03 - 0 to 08 points), investigation alert (block 04 - 0 to 11 points), diagnostic tests (block 05 - 0 to 06 points), treatments (block 06 - 0 to 13 points), prevention of infection (block 07 - 0 to 08 points), Clean Intermittent Catheterization (CIC) trauma prevention (block 08 - 0 to 07 points), and prevention of other complications (block 09 - 0 to 10 points), where all correct answers totalled 87 points. The instrument was created by the researchers in line with information from updated international guidelines (2,3). The orientation was that the professional should mark the items he considered correct according to the information and request pointed out in the statement. The dependent variable was considered as the knowledge of stomal therapist nurses compared to the knowledge of generalist nurses or nurses from other specialities. The descriptive data were presented by means of simple and absolute frequencies, as well as mean, standard deviation, and minimum and maximum values. The statistical association of the number of correct answers in each knowledge block and each question of the instrument applied was analyzed between stomal therapist nurses and generalists or those from other specialities by means of the Chi-square test (Yates the correction was used when necessary) and Odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95%. Values of p<0.05 indicated statistical significance. The data were organized in an Excel spreadsheet and later exported to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23.0, for the statistical analyses.
The research followed all the criteria presented in resolution 466/2012. The project was submitted and approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) with human beings under opinion no. 041293/2022.

These results are unprecedented. One hundred and sixty-nine nurses participated in the study. These were mostly female (88.6%), aged predominantly between 31 and 50 years (66.90%), with 73.2% working for at least six years.
The levels of correct answers in the overall sample are presented in table 01 in relation to each block of items evaluated, as well as the number and percentage of nurses who got all the items in each block right.
In all the blocks of knowledge evaluated, the number of nurses who got one or more items of the block wrong was considerably higher than the number of nurses who got all the items right, both among stomal therapists and general nurses or nurses from other specialties. In the comparison between the groups, there were statistically significant differences between knowledge related to the consequences of chronic urinary retention/incomplete bladder emptying with p=0.048, but with a 95% confidence interval of 0.846 - 34.562 which demands a low effect size. In the other contents there was no difference between the group of nurses from other specialties (Table 02).

The percentage of right and wrong answers in the group in general as well as compared between the groups of stomal therapists and generalist nurses/other specialities demonstrates a worrisome gap in the formation and performance of the category regarding the investigation, identification, and treatment of urinary retention and incomplete bladder emptying.
In relation to the consequences of chronic urinary retention/incomplete bladder emptying, the two groups presented similar knowledge, the group of generalist nurses or nurses from other specialties pointed out a higher level of correct answers when they did not indicate constipation as a consequence of urinary retention and incomplete bladder emptying, and a higher percentage of stomal therapists corrected that urinary incontinence can be a result of the condition of not completely emptying the bladder.

The study hypothesis was refuted, both stomal therapist nurses and generalist nurses or nurses from other specialities showed a low level of knowledge about concepts, risk factors, consequences, warning signs, diagnostic tests and treatment of chronic urinary retention and incomplete bladder emptying, as well as about the prevention of complications with the use of bladder emptying catheters.
We conclude that both stomal therapists and generalist nurses or nurses from other specialities need the training to care for patients at risk of urinary retention and incomplete bladder emptying.

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