CAN URETHRAL MONOPOLAR CAUTERIZATION BE AN ALTERNATIVE TO PARTIAL LIGATION OF THE URETHRA TO CREATE A STANDARD INFRAVESICAL OBSTRUCTION MODEL IN MALE RATS?

AKAN, SERKAN; TAVUKCU, HASAN; SOGUT, IBRAHIM; SADE, AYSE GOKCEN; KIZILKAN, YUNUS EMRE; EDIZ, CANER; YILMAZ, OMER

CAN URETHRAL MONOPOLAR CAUTERIZATION BE AN ALTERNATIVE TO PARTIAL LIGATION OF THE URETHRA TO CREATE A STANDARD INFRAVESICAL OBSTRUCTION MODEL IN MALE RATS?

AKAN S¹, TAVUKCU H¹, SOGUT I², SADE A³, KIZILKAN Y¹, EDIZ C¹, YILMAZ O¹

Research Type

Pure and Applied Science / Translational

Abstract Category

Research Methods / Techniques

Links
	Abstract 538
	On Demand Research Methods / Techniques Scientific Open Discussion Session 35
	On-Demand
	Basic Science Bladder Outlet Obstruction Outcomes Research Methods Imaging Physiology
	1. 1Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, 2. 2Department of Biochemistry, Demiroglu Bilim University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey, 3. 3Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Presenter
S SERKAN AKAN 1Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract

Hypothesis / aims of study

The partial urethral ligation method has been the standard infravesical obstruction model in male rats and has been used for many years. (1) We aimed to determine which of the two methods of infravesical obstruction produces the most consistent outcome as standard urethral partial ligation (PL) or urethral monopolar cauterization (MC). (2,3)

Study design, materials and methods

Thirty male rats were randomly divided into control (C), standard urethral partial ligation (PL), urethral monopolar cauterization (MC) groups. After 6 weeks, the cystometric examination, histologic and molecular evaluations were investigated. Collagen type I (COL1A1), collagen type III (COL3A1), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were evaluated with Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level was investigated.

Results

In the histologic examination, in the MC group, fibrosis and congestion in the lamina propria were more prominent moreover muscular thickness was slightly higher compared with the other groups which was correlated in cystometric examination.(Figure 1) The maximum bladder capacity (BC) and the compliance values were significantly higher in the PL and MC groups than the C group. The highest values were in the MC group (p<0.001), but the baseline bladder pressure (BBP) was the lowest in the MC group (p<0.001). COL3A1 expression was found to be significantly higher in PL and MC groups compared with the C group in bladder tissues in qRT-PCR results.(Figure 2) The COL1A1 / COL3A1 expression was significantly higher only for the MC group compared with the C group in prostate tissues with qRT-PCR results. The MDA levels in the bladder, prostate, and kidney tissues for the PL and MC groups was found to be significantly higher and highest in the MC group compared with the C group. (C&MC; p<0.01) While biomarkers of oxidative stress were significantly higher in MC group than C group. (C&MC; p<0.05)When the TOS, TAS and OSI parameters were examined, they were found to be significantly higher only in the MC group compared with the C group in the kidney tissues with spectrophotometric analyses (C&MC; p<0.05)

Interpretation of results

According to all results from our cystometric, histologic, and molecular analyses, the MC method results in stronger obstruction findings and emerges as an expeditious and simpler alternative to the PL method. Compared with the standard method (PL), MC method provides higher rates of fibrosis in the prostate tissue while bladder tissue results were considered chronic stage of fibrosis.

Concluding message

The needle-tipped MC of the posterior urethra may be the method of choice for creating a chronic infravesical obstruction model of infravesical obstruction in male rats.

Figure 1

Figure 1: Histologic sections of the bladders with staining of H&E. (A) Control group demonstrated regular morphology of the lamina propria and the muscle tissue, original magnification x 5. (B) Urethral partial ligation group having slightly increased co

Figure 2

Figure 2: Comparison of QRT-PCR analyses of COL1A1, COL3A1, GAPDH and TGF-β of the bladder tissues.

References

Melman A, Tar M, Boczko J, Christ G, Leung AC, Zhao W, Russell RG. Evaluation of two techniques of partial urethral obstruction in the male rat model of bladder outlet obstruction. Urology. 2005 Nov;66(5):1127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2005.06.070. PMID: 16286152.
Tavukcu HH, Aytaç Ö, Atug F, Alev B, Çevik Ö, Bülbül N, Yarat A, Çetinel S, Sener G, Kulaksizoglu H. Protective effect of platelet-rich plasma on urethral injury model of male rats. NeurourolUrodyn. 2018 Apr;37(4):1286-1293. doi: 10.1002/nau.23460. Epub 2017 Dec 11. PMID: 29226987.
Protective effect of platelet-rich plasma on urethral injury model of male rats in bladder. TavukçuH.H.AytaçO.AtugF.AlevB.ÇevikÖ.YaratA.CetinelS.SenerG.Kulaksizoglu 33rd Annual EAU Meeting, 16-20 March 2018, Copenhagen.

Disclosures

Funding Scientific Research Foundation, University of Health Sciences Clinical Trial No Subjects Animal Species Rat Ethics Committee University of Health Sciences Animal Care and Use Committee